100% packet loss is an information stoppage.
Packet loss is an indication of information being lost along the way. The middle hops are normally your ISP and transit providers, and the last few hops are the destination, in this case the datacenter network and our server. The first few hops are local, hop #1 normally being your home router or modem. Each "hop" (numbered on the left hand side) represents a router your data is traveling through. The PingPlotter report shows the route that is used for data packets to travel to their destination and if there are issues on the way. PingPlotter will then display this data in a graph which will make it easy to pinpoint where the problems are and when they occurred. It uses a combination of traceroute, ping, and whois to collect data quickly, and then allows you to continue to collect data over time. PingPlotter is a network troubleshooting and diagnostic tool. What is PingPlotter? What does the output mean? What are common network issues and resolutions? These companies are sometimes referred to as tier one network operators. These transit providers are specialised in connecting networks and are often called the backbone of the internet because they operate infrastructure around the globe to connect many networks over larger distances. *Sometimes internet service providers and datacentres can connect with each other directly by peering (This usually happens in a 'Internet Exchange') but most often they use 'transit provider'. However there are better tools to analyse the network connection, such as WinMTR and PingPlotter, which can automatically send these traceroutes every few seconds to monitor the network over a longer period of time. To find out where these ping spikes or congestion problems take place we will have to analyse the route used by your data to reach the server, this can be done manually with traceroute (which sends customized ping/ICMP echo messages across the path to find all routers which reply). This route often uses multiple networks which can contain different segments, an example of this is data traveling from your home network to the network of your internet service provider to that of a transit provider* and eventually to the network of the datacentre where your game/voice server is located. Ping spikes and packet loss are a major cause of lag and are often caused by congestion or interference on the route that is used for your data to travel from your personal computer to the server and back. Lag can be caused by many different factors, however most often it's network related and usually resolves quickly.
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